I thought one of the two other team members that Bishop came back with, to pursue Trevor Fitzroy, could manipulate time. When He/She was killed Bishop became trapped in the present and joined the X-men. I don't have the books any more but I want to say the energy effect was the standard swirling vortex. As for Cable, if I remember right, was sent into the future by Scott and Jean via one of Gateways portals and I thought he returned with Dooms time platform.
Of course its been 20 years since I've read these issues so this could be complete rubbish.